Meringue Cookies Recipe

In each season of the Nice British Baking Present, there may be nearly at all times a second when the contestants try and fail to make a meringue. Typically the egg whites deflate earlier than they’ve even made it into the oven, and generally the baked confections crack and collapse after they’ve come out of the oven. Although meringues have a fame for being tough to tug off—they’ll go from lofty to flat in a couple of seconds, ruining any dessert plans you will have had—they’re actually only a whipped foam of egg whites, sugar, and an acid like cream of tartar. With somewhat know-how, you can also make spectacular meringue for cookies that gained’t break or weep on you.

The Origins of Meringue

As is commonly the case for traditional dishes with a protracted historical past, no one is aware of for sure the place or when meringues had been first made. Due to previous cookbooks like Hannah Woolley’s 1670 guideThe Queen-Like Closet, we all know that there have been many iterations of meringue-like desserts in England by the seventeenth century, together with “snow,” a dessert of cream, egg whites, and rosewater whipped collectively. The primary recognized recipe for meringue, nevertheless, will be present in François Massialot’s 1691 guide Le Cuisinier Royal et Bourgeois (The Court docket and Nation Prepare dinner in English). It’s attainable that “snow” was the precursor to oeufs à la neige (“snow eggs”) or île flottante (floating island), the same dessert of poached meringues suspended in a pool of crème anglaise, a French vanilla sauce. 

At present, meringues are an integral part of many desserts. Bakers incorporate meringue into batters to make macarons and chiffon cakes, and use it to arrange mousses, buttercreams, and different confections like pavlova. The best solution to take pleasure in it, nevertheless, would be the meringue cookie: a French meringue that’s piped and baked at a low temperature for a number of hours till it’s dry and crisp. These cookies will be eaten plain or integrated into different desserts, resembling Eton mess, mini pavlovas, or used to garnish pies, tarts, and ice cream sundaes.

Kinds of Meringues: Italian, Swiss, and French

There are three varieties of meringues: Italian, Swiss, and French. The primary two strategies are somewhat extra hands-on. To make Italian meringue, you pour a scorching sugar syrup (normally 240ºF or 115ºC) into whipping egg whites, which you then proceed to beat till fluffy and doubled in quantity. Although Swiss meringue doesn’t name for a syrup, it does require whisking egg whites and sugar in a bowl set over a pot of simmering water till the froth reaches 140ºF (60ºC). Each these strategies cook dinner and coagulate the egg white proteins, leading to a extra secure foam. Of the three strategies, French meringue would be the most simple, because it doesn’t require any syrup or double boilers. You simply whisk egg whites with sugar till you attain your required stiffness: gentle, medium, or stiff peaks.

Suggestions for Making Foolproof Meringues

Use Room Temperature Eggs

Chilly eggs could also be simpler to separate, however room temperature eggs whip up quicker. As former Critical Eats contributor Marissa Sertich Velie famous in her Italian meringue recipe, the most effective temperature for whipping egg whites is about 70ºF (21ºC). Not solely do room temperature egg whites foam quicker, however in addition they assist dissolve the sugar quicker.

For a Extra secure Meringue, Whisk Slower for Longer

It might appear counterintuitive to whisk on medium pace when you might make a meringue a lot quicker by beating the egg whites on excessive pace for much less time, however the important thing to a meringue that gained’t deflate is to go slower for longer. As I wrote in my chocolate mousse recipe, the bubbles in egg whites grow to be smaller and extra secure the longer we whip them. As Hervé This explains in his guide Kitchen Mysteries, the method of whipping helps to unfold egg white proteins and join them with each other, making a community that protects the tiny bubbles. Whisking for longer additionally helps to make sure your sugar is correctly integrated, which reduces the danger of weeping.

This can be shocking, however whipping your eggs slower for longer additionally helps stop overbeating. Whisk your egg whites too lengthy, and the proteins will bond too tightly, primarily “cooking” the whites. An overbeaten meringue will lose its sheen and grow to be a lumpy, uneven foam, and fail to rise within the oven when baked.

Add Your Sugar Progressively

It might be tempting to begin by whisking your egg whites with the sugar, but it surely’s crucial that you simply slowly add the sugar as soon as your egg whites have gained some quantity. In his guide On Meals and Cooking, science author Harold McGee notes that incorporating sugar too early can delay foaming and cut back the meringue’s “final quantity and lightness,” which “comes from sugar’s interference with the unfolding and bonding of the proteins.”

Make Associates With Acid

You may make meringue with out cream of tartar (which is tartaric acid in powdered kind), lemon juice, or vinegar, however acids assist to coagulate the egg whites whereas additionally stopping the proteins from tightening an excessive amount of, which may result in an overbeaten meringue. I’ve lengthy made meringues with out lemon juice or cream of tartar and so they’ve turned out simply positive. Right here, nevertheless, I like to recommend including half a teaspoon of cream of tartar to the meringue—simply to be on the secure aspect.

Use a Clear Bowl and Beaters

As Critical Eats editorial director Daniel Gritzer present in his testing, a little yolk won’t make or break your meringue. However you must nonetheless begin with a clear mixing bowl and beaters, as fats can intrude with the egg white proteins bonding and might spoil its capacity to kind a secure meringue.

Go Low and Sluggish

Should you’re making meringue cookies and aren’t utilizing meringues to make one thing else, the important thing to success is to bake them at a low temperature. Cooking them at a decrease temperature (200ºF or  93ºC) for longer helps to evenly dry out the meringues and prevents cracking, which may occur when meringues are baked at too excessive of a temperature. As soon as the meringues are achieved, you’ll need to cool them slowly, too; opening the oven too quickly can create a drastic temperature change and trigger the meringues to shrink too rapidly and crack. My answer? Opening the oven door barely and preserving it ajar with a wood spoon.